Large ruminants such as cattle, horses, sheep and camels; giant dog breeds and large exotic animals.
1. Gastric examination: Screening for gastric mucosal lesions; examination of pathological lesions such as gastritis, ulcers and tumours
2. Removal of foreign bodies from the stomach: Various types of foreign bodies such as forage hairballs, plastic and metal; the 2.8 mm channel allows the use of stone retrieval baskets and foreign body forceps
3. Mucosal biopsy: Insertion of biopsy forceps to collect gastric wall tissue for histopathological examination
4. Gastric lavage and drug administration: Gastric lavage for food impaction and bloating; localised targeted drug delivery
5. Rumen endoscopy in ruminants to assess the health of the rumen lining
